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Showing posts from March, 2016

THE OYO EMPIRE: the origin, culture, powers of the most vast empire in the Yoruba lands

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 Yoruba state north of Lagos, in present-day southwestern Nigeria, that dominated, during its apogee  Oyo Empire  was one of the Largest Empire in West African state established by Yoruba people in (1650–1750), most of the states between the Volta River in the west and the Niger River in the east. It was the most important and authoritative of all the early Yoruba principalities. the Oyo Empire grew to become one of the largest West African states. It rose through the outstanding organizational skills of the Yoruba, wealth gained from trade and its powerful   cavalry . The Oyo Empire was the most politically important state in the region from the mid-17th to the late 18th century,   holding sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in   Yorubaland , but also over nearby African states, notably
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THE OTTOMAN TURKS: origin

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The creation and the growth of the ottoman empire 1 3 00–1402 In their initial stages of expansion, the Ottomans were leaders of the Turkish warriors for the faith of Islam, known by the honorific title ghazi. which means raider in Arabic , who fought against the liquidating Christian Byzantine state. The ancestors of Osman I, the founder of the dynasty, were members of the Kayı tribe who had entered Anatolia along with a mass of Turkish  Oguz nomads. These nomads, fleeing from the Mongols of Genghis Khan, overwhelmed Byzantium after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 and occupied eastern and central Anatolia during the 12th century. The ghazis fought against the Byzantines and then the Mongols, who invaded Anatolia following the esta Il-Khanid  empire in Iran and Mesopotamia in the last half of the 13th century. With the disintegration of Seljuq power and its replacement by Mongol suzerainty, enforced by direct military occupation of much of eastern Anatolia, independent...